PSYC 102 TEST-5
Question 1-9：
Question 10-19：
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Question 20-27：
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Question 28-39：
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Question 40-51：
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Question 40
Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?
- A. International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
- B. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
- C. American Psychological Assessment (APA)
- D. National Registry of Mental Health (NRMH)
Answer:
B. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
Brief Explanations:
The DSM, published by the American Psychiatric Association, provides criteria for diagnosing mental health disorders in the U.S.
Extended Knowledge:
DSM Overview
- Current version: DSM-5.
- Covers mental health conditions, criteria for diagnosis, and associated symptoms.
Global Comparison
The ICD, developed by WHO, is another classification system used internationally for broader health conditions.
Question 41
________ were the first institutions created for the specific purpose of housing people with psychological disorders.
- A. Clinics
- B. Hospitals
- C. Asylums
- D. Nursing homes
Answer:
C. Asylums
Brief Explanations:
Asylums were the earliest institutions specifically designed to house and treat people with psychological disorders, though care was often inadequate.
Extended Knowledge:
History of Asylums
- Emerged in the 16th century.
- Often criticized for poor conditions and inhumane treatment.
Evolution to Modern Care
Deinstitutionalization shifted the focus to outpatient care and community-based support systems.
Question 42
Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.
- A. Antipsychotics
- B. Anti-anxiety medications
- C. Antidepressants
- D. Mood stabilizers
Answer:
C. Antidepressants
Brief Explanations:
Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are SSRIs, a type of antidepressant used to treat depression and anxiety disorders by regulating serotonin levels.
Extended Knowledge:
SSRIs Overview
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) increase serotonin availability in the brain, improving mood and emotional stability.
Common Uses
Treat conditions like major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Question 43
Dr. Bronson treats anxiety disorders with Xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy.
- A. Cognitive-behavioral
- B. Psychodynamic
- C. Biomedical
- D. Humanistic
Answer:
C. Biomedical
Brief Explanations:
Biomedical therapy uses medications like Xanax to treat mental health conditions, addressing biological imbalances contributing to disorders.
Extended Knowledge:
Biomedical Therapy
Focuses on treating mental illnesses through medications, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or other physical interventions.
Medications for Anxiety
- Benzodiazepines: Xanax, Valium for short-term relief.
- SSRIs: Long-term management of anxiety symptoms.
Question 44
Which treatment modality involves 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meeting together with a trained clinician?
- A. Couple therapy
- B. Group therapy
- C. Strategic family therapy
- D. Structural family therapy
Answer:
B. Group therapy
Brief Explanations:
Group therapy involves multiple participants with similar concerns working collaboratively under the guidance of a clinician to address their issues.
Extended Knowledge:
Benefits of Group Therapy
- Provides shared experiences and mutual support.
- Reduces feelings of isolation and stigma.
Common Applications
Used for conditions like addiction recovery, grief counseling, and social anxiety.
Question 45
Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors?
- A. Psychodynamic therapy
- B. Behavior therapy
- C. Humanistic therapy
- D. Cognitive therapy
Answer:
B. Behavior therapy
Brief Explanations:
Behavior therapy focuses on applying principles of learning, like reinforcement and conditioning, to modify maladaptive behaviors.
Extended Knowledge:
Techniques in Behavior Therapy
- Classical Conditioning: Techniques like systematic desensitization.
- Operant Conditioning: Reward systems to reinforce positive behaviors.
Common Uses
Effective for treating phobias, anxiety, and behavioral issues.
Question 46
Humanistic therapy is also called ________ therapy.
- A. Client-centered
- B. Behavior
- C. Psychodynamic
- D. Solution-focused
Answer:
A. Client-centered
Brief Explanations:
Humanistic therapy, also known as client-centered therapy, emphasizes empathy, unconditional positive regard, and empowering clients to achieve self-awareness.
Extended Knowledge:
Core Principles of Humanistic Therapy
- Focus on the present and future rather than past experiences.
- Encourages personal growth and self-acceptance.
Pioneers of Humanistic Therapy
Carl Rogers developed client-centered therapy, emphasizing the importance of the therapeutic relationship.
Question 47
What is the goal of humanistic therapy?
- A. Helping people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves
- B. Uncovering unconscious conflicts and desires
- C. Changing maladaptive behaviors
- D. Eliminating irrational thought patterns
Answer:
A. Helping people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves
Brief Explanations:
The primary goal of humanistic therapy is fostering personal growth by enhancing self-awareness, acceptance, and the ability to live authentically.
Extended Knowledge:
Humanistic Therapy Techniques
- Unconditional Positive Regard: Accepting clients without judgment.
- Active Listening: Creating a supportive environment for clients to explore their feelings.
Applications
Helps treat depression, anxiety, and relationship issues by promoting personal growth and emotional well-being.
Question 48
The sociocultural perspective looks at you, your behaviors, and your symptoms in the context of your ________.
- A. Genetic predispositions
- B. Cultural and environmental background
- C. Neurological processes
- D. Personal goals
Answer:
B. Cultural and environmental background
Brief Explanations:
The sociocultural perspective emphasizes the influence of societal, cultural, and environmental factors on behavior and mental health.
Extended Knowledge:
Key Aspects of the Sociocultural Perspective
- Cultural norms, values, and traditions shape behavior.
- Socioeconomic status and social interactions impact mental health.
Applications
Useful in understanding cultural variations in psychological disorders and tailoring treatments to diverse populations.
Question 49
What does research show regarding race and ethnic differences in those who receive mental health services?
- A. Ethnic or racial minorities tend to utilize mental health services less frequently than White, middle-class Americans.
- B. Ethnic minorities utilize mental health services more than White Americans.
- C. There is no difference in service utilization among racial groups.
- D. Minority groups always receive the same quality of care.
Answer:
A. Ethnic or racial minorities tend to utilize mental health services less frequently than White, middle-class Americans.
Brief Explanations:
Research highlights disparities in mental health service utilization, often due to stigma, access issues, and lack of culturally competent care.
Extended Knowledge:
Barriers to Mental Health Access for Minorities
- Stigma: Fear of judgment within cultural groups.
- Systemic Barriers: Financial constraints and lack of local services.
Addressing Disparities
Culturally competent care and community outreach improve access and outcomes for minority groups.
Question 50
Antipsychotic drugs, such as Haldol, are used to treat all of the following except ________.
- A. Schizophrenia
- B. Bipolar disorder
- C. Major depressive disorder
- D. Manic episodes
Answer:
C. Major depressive disorder
Brief Explanations:
Antipsychotics like Haldol are primarily used for psychotic disorders and mood stabilization in bipolar disorder or manic episodes, not for depression alone.
Extended Knowledge:
Antipsychotic Medications
- Treat schizophrenia, psychosis, and mood disorders like bipolar.
- Can manage acute mania but are not first-line treatments for depression.
Side Effects
May include weight gain, drowsiness, and long-term risks like tardive dyskinesia.
Question 51
Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder?
- A. Gemma is quick to anger and is incapable of dealing with a situation in which she is not the center of attention.
- B. Gemma is very impulsive — as soon as an idea enters her head, she acts upon it.
- C. Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.
- D. Gemma is submissive and physically clings to the people around her.
Answer:
C. Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.
Brief Explanations:
Deficits in social communication and interaction are hallmark symptoms of autism spectrum disorder, as seen in Gemma’s behaviors.
Extended Knowledge:
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Characteristics
- Challenges with social communication.
- Restricted and repetitive behaviors or interests.
Early Interventions
Speech therapy, behavioral therapy, and tailored educational plans improve outcomes for individuals with ASD.