PSYC 102 TEST-2
Question 1-9：
Question 10-19：
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Question 20-27：
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Question 28-39：
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Question 40-51：
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Question 52-66：
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Question 10
Identify the obsession in the following sentence: "Keisha is overly concerned about germs, so she spends hours wiping the surfaces of her home and washing her hands."
- A. Wiping the surfaces
- B. Washing her hands
- C. Concern over germs
- D. Spending hours cleaning
Answer:
C. Concern over germs
Brief Explanations:
An obsession refers to intrusive, persistent thoughts or fears. Keisha's excessive worry about germs is the obsession driving her cleaning behaviors.
Extended Knowledge:
Obsessions vs. Compulsions
- Obsessions: Recurrent thoughts causing distress (e.g., fear of contamination).
- Compulsions: Actions taken to reduce the distress caused by obsessions (e.g., cleaning).
OCD Treatment
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and exposure therapy are effective for managing OCD symptoms.
Question 11
Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.
- A. Autism spectrum disorder
- B. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- C. Generalized anxiety disorder
- D. Oppositional defiant disorder
Answer:
B. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Brief Explanations:
Egon’s symptoms, including inattention, hyperactivity, and poor impulse control, are hallmark characteristics of ADHD.
Extended Knowledge:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting attention, impulsivity, and activity levels.
Treatment Approaches
- Medication: Stimulants like Adderall.
- Therapy: Behavioral interventions to improve focus and organization.
Question 12
Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality?
- A. Borderline personality disorder
- B. Schizotypal personality disorder
- C. Antisocial personality disorder
- D. Avoidant personality disorder
Answer:
A. Borderline personality disorder
Brief Explanations:
Phyllis’s intense emotions, unstable relationships, fear of abandonment, and impulsivity are indicative of borderline personality disorder.
Extended Knowledge:
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
BPD is characterized by emotional instability, fear of abandonment, impulsivity, and intense interpersonal relationships.
Treatment
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is effective in managing BPD symptoms, focusing on emotional regulation and interpersonal effectiveness.
Question 13
Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.
- A. Mania
- B. Depression
- C. Anxiety
- D. Psychosis
Answer:
A. Mania
Brief Explanations:
Mania is characterized by an abnormally elevated mood, impulsivity, hyperactivity, and poor judgment, as exhibited by Janice’s behavior.
Extended Knowledge:
Mania in Bipolar Disorder
Mania is a symptom of bipolar disorder, featuring excessive energy, irritability, and risky behaviors.
Hypomania vs. Mania
Hypomania is less severe than mania and may not cause significant functional impairment.
Question 14
Which of the following statements is true about obsessive-compulsive disorder?
- A. It is most often diagnosed during adolescence
- B. It involves persistent, unfocused anxiety
- C. It involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive behaviors
- D. Men are more often diagnosed than women
Answer:
C. It involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive behaviors
Brief Explanations:
OCD is defined by obsessions (intrusive thoughts) and compulsions (repetitive behaviors) aimed at reducing the distress caused by those thoughts.
Extended Knowledge:
OCD Diagnosis and Prevalence
OCD can develop in childhood, adolescence, or adulthood, and affects both men and women equally.
Common Examples of OCD
Fear of contamination (obsession) leading to excessive hand washing (compulsion).
Question 15
Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?
- A. Schizophrenia
- B. Major depressive disorder
- C. Generalized anxiety disorder
- D. Bipolar disorder
Answer:
A. Schizophrenia
Brief Explanations:
Schizophrenia is marked by hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and abnormal behaviors, severely disrupting daily functioning.
Extended Knowledge:
Symptoms of Schizophrenia
- Positive Symptoms: Hallucinations and delusions.
- Negative Symptoms: Reduced emotional expression and motivation.
Treatment
Antipsychotic medications and therapy are essential for managing schizophrenia. Here are the next set of questions formatted accordingly:
Question 16
Deinstitutionalization refers to the ________.
- A. Process of closing large asylums
- B. Treatment of mental illness with medication
- C. Integration of therapy and community services
- D. Focus on individualized patient care
Answer:
A. Process of closing large asylums
Brief Explanations:
Deinstitutionalization involved moving patients from large, isolated asylums to community-based treatment facilities, emphasizing integration into society.
Extended Knowledge:
History of Deinstitutionalization
Initiated in the mid-20th century, it aimed to improve care for mental health patients but often led to challenges like homelessness due to inadequate community support.
Community-Based Treatment
Focused on outpatient care, therapy, and support systems to help patients maintain independence.
Question 17
During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called ________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs.
- A. Assessment
- B. Intake
- C. Diagnosis
- D. Orientation
Answer:
B. Intake
Brief Explanations:
The intake session involves gathering detailed information about the client's concerns, history, and goals to develop a tailored treatment plan.
Extended Knowledge:
Intake Process
Includes understanding the client's mental health, medical history, and immediate needs, often using structured interviews or questionnaires.
Importance of Intake
Establishes rapport, sets goals, and provides a foundation for effective treatment.
Question 18
Exposure therapy is a ________ technique.
- A. Psychodynamic
- B. Humanistic
- C. Counterconditioning
- D. Cognitive
Answer:
C. Counterconditioning
Brief Explanations:
Exposure therapy is a form of counterconditioning where individuals confront fears gradually to reduce anxiety and build tolerance.
Extended Knowledge:
Exposure Therapy Techniques
- Systematic Desensitization: Gradual exposure paired with relaxation techniques.
- Flooding: Immediate and intense exposure to feared stimuli.
Conditions Treated
Commonly used for phobias, PTSD, and anxiety disorders.
Question 19
Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
- A. Prozac
- B. Adderall
- C. Xanax
- D. Paxil
Answer:
B. Adderall
Brief Explanations:
Adderall, a stimulant, is widely used to treat ADHD by improving focus and reducing impulsivity through its effects on the central nervous system.
Extended Knowledge:
ADHD Medications
- Stimulants: Adderall and Ritalin are the most effective and commonly prescribed.
- Non-Stimulants: Alternatives like Strattera are used when stimulants are unsuitable.
Mechanism of Adderall
Increases dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain to enhance attention and control.